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| 作者：不明 来源：www.pccode.net 整理 发布时间：2007-1-24 15:24:00 发布人：wongrs | |
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ommn between the hosts. R# Ping 172.16.10.1- uses IP & ICMP proto to verify commn at Inet layer between hosts (! echo replay recd, . time out, U dest un reachable, C congested exp pkt, | ping interupted, ? pkt type unknown, & pkt TTL exceeded.) R# trace ip 172.16.40.2 uses TTL values (!H-recd probe not forward due to access list, P proto un reach, N net unreach, U port unreach,* time out, (trace used in IP, AppleTalk, CLNS, Vines, Old Vines), R# sh int so : shows line & data link proto status, R# debug all, # undebug all, IP Routing : Source and Destn. Hardware add keeps changing, but IP add remains same as pkt travels thro?routers. Dest IP remains same, frame keeps changing at each hope b’cos source, destn h/w add keeps changing. Static Routing config t, # ip route [rem net ID] [subnetmask] [def Gway,next hop add / interface][distance]- cisco book # no ip route [remote net ID]- to cancel a route, # sh ip route-sh R table/all routes, # sh ip route static-sh only static routes, # ip classless global command to use def routing with static routing to forward pkts destd to obscure subnets to best route. Default Routing : default route = router or gateway of last resort, # ip route [0.0.0.0] [0.0.0.0] [gateway IP/next hop add] # ip default-network 192.68.17.0 : Default route as per Cisco book, # no ip routing (disable), # ip routing (re enable) Dynamic Routing : Autonomous System(AS): consists of routers that share info using same protocol. Backbone + areas. Routing within area/domain-Intra Domain Routing, Ext / Inter domain / inter AS Routers connect areas to backbone. Codes- # sh ip route- C-dir conntd, S-static, I-IGRP, R-RIP, M-mobile, B-BGP, D-EIGRP, EX-EIGRP ext, O-OSPF, IA-OSPF inter area, E1- OSPF ext type1, E2-OSPF ext type2, E-EGP, I-ISIS, L1-ISIS lvl 1, L2-ISIS lvl 2. Admn distance: Source’s trustworthiness 0-255 : Directly connected Interface-0, Static route-1, EIGRP sum route-5, Ext BGP-20, Int EIGRP-90, IGRP-100, OSPF-110, ISIS-115, RIP-120, EGP-140, Int BGP-200, Unknown-255. Interior Routing protos:used within an AS. RIP, IGRP (Dist vect), OSPF (Link state), EIGRP (Bal Hybrid) all layer3. Distance Vector-RIP-uses 2nd hand info, metric (hops 16 ), slow conv. @ 30 sec, routing loops, counting to infinity. To Stop Loops: Counting to
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